~ Early Web Links ~

Hosted at Michigan Tech since 1993, this long-running volcano resource page gathers links to educational tools, research sites, webcams, and cultural materials related to volcanology from around the world. Visitors can explore active volcano feeds, teaching resources, folklore, myths, and interviews with real volcanologists, making it a rich hub for both students and enthusiasts.

The Mineral Gallery is a comprehensive online reference dedicated to minerals, featuring detailed descriptions, chemical formulas, physical properties, and photographs of hundreds of mineral specimens. It serves as an invaluable resource for collectors, geology students, and enthusiasts seeking in-depth information on everything from common quartz varieties to rare sulfosalts.

Le Regne Mineral is a French bimonthly mineralogy magazine covering earth sciences with original articles and high-quality mineral photography from renowned specialists like Jeff Scovil and Mick Cooper. Considered one of the top five mineral magazines in the world after four years of publication, it serves collectors, rockhounds, and mineralogy enthusiasts across Europe and beyond.

Wasser-Wissen is a German-language internet portal dedicated to water and wastewater topics, featuring an A-Z encyclopedia, news, link directories, legal references, and resources on water management and environmental systems. The site covers everything from chemical elements relevant to water chemistry to sewage treatment plants, court rulings, dissertations, and international water management organizations.

Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery, self-proclaimed 'The First Internet Rock Shop,' is a comprehensive reference covering minerals, rocks, crystals, gemstones, and birthstones organized by chemical class and physical properties. With detailed explanations of mineralogy, crystal formation, and browsable indexes by name and category, it has been an authoritative online mineral encyclopedia since 1995.

Steve Allen's detailed reference site on the history and technical implications of leap seconds, delta time, and precision time scales used in astronomy and timekeeping. It features plots, tables, historical data, and analysis of the ongoing ITU-R debate over whether to abandon leap seconds from UTC.

NAGS (Norske Amatørgeologers Sammenslutning) is the Norwegian association for amateur geologists, offering a comprehensive lexicon of Norwegian minerals, an index of articles from their geology magazine STEIN dating back to 1973, and listings of geology clubs across Norway. Visitors interested in rocks and minerals as a hobby will find this a rich hub for Norwegian earth science resources and community.

Lavajunkie.com is a passionate photography gallery dedicated to the volcanic activity of Kilauea, Hawaii, featuring extensive collections of lava flows entering the Pacific Ocean, surface flows, dawn shots, and even images purportedly showing the Hawaiian volcano goddess Pele. With over 20 gallery pages organized into themed collections, this site captures the raw spectacle of new earth being formed and invites armchair lava junkies to experience the phenomenon from their screens.

Professor of Geology Norman R. King documents the Pennsylvanian-age rock exposure uncovered during I-170 highway construction in St. Louis, Missouri, with detailed photographs and technical discussion of the Altamont Formation. This site is a niche academic resource for geology enthusiasts and paleontologists interested in Carboniferous stratigraphy and fossils from the American Midwest.

John Betts built this extraordinary virtual mineral museum housing over 194,000 photographs of more than 63,000 mineral specimens from localities around the world. With educational articles, field trip guides, searchable species and locality databases, and decades of collector expertise behind it, this site is an unparalleled reference for mineralogy enthusiasts.