~ Early Web Links ~

Vacuumtubes.com, run by Jonathan Oas out of Hartland, MN, is an online storefront selling vacuum tubes, electron tubes, tube testers, tube sockets, and related electronic parts organized into extensive alphabetical tube lists. The inventory spans everything from rare Western Electric and antique tubes to popular audio types like the 12AX7, 6L6, and EL34, making it a go-to source for vintage audio and electronics enthusiasts.

SSS Online is a long-running RF and spread spectrum engineering magazine offering deep technical resources on Smith charts, S-parameters, impedance matching, Eb/N0, and link budgets. Managed by Pegasus and active since 1995, it serves RF engineers and ham radio enthusiasts with articles, software downloads, tutorials, and reference material on microwave and wireless design topics.

Trevor Gale's comprehensive reference site covers vintage vacuum tubes and valves, offering pinout data, characteristics lists, military-to-commercial conversion tables, repair hints, substitution guides, and circuit diagrams for old receivers and amplifiers. Maintained as a companion to the rec.antiques.radio+phono newsgroup FAQ, it serves as a practical technical resource for both seasoned restorers and newcomers to valve/tube circuitry.

CircuitsArchive is a free, web-based archive of electronic circuit schematics covering everything from audio gear and battery monitors to filters, telephone interfaces, and microprocessor circuits. Maintained by Nicola Asuni since 1998, it offers a well-organized collection of PCB designs and projects useful to hobbyists and engineers alike.

Electronics 2000, created by Simon Carter, is a comprehensive hobby electronics reference packed with online calculators for resistors, capacitors, inductors, Ohm's Law, and more, plus technical data articles, pin-outs, and a beginner's guide. The site also offers downloadable Windows software like Electronics Assistant and an EPE Index, making it a genuinely useful toolkit for hobbyists, students, and engineers alike.

Cryothene is a technically-minded personal blog covering electronics projects, embedded systems, reverse engineering, and 3D printing, with standout documentation of a custom display driver project called Sharpie spanning many installments. The site also mixes in anime opinions, game reviews, and occasional recipes, but the dominant draw is its detailed hardware and microcontroller writeups.

Don Klipstein's sprawling technical resource covers everything from LEDs and fluorescent lamps to Tesla coils, xenon strobes, lasers, and high voltage experiments. With decades of accumulated hobbyist knowledge, detailed guides, and regularly updated content, it's an indispensable reference for electronics enthusiasts interested in lighting and discharge lamp technology.

A comprehensive online reference covering the U.S. Navy's NEETS Module 10, this resource walks through wave propagation, transmission lines, and antenna theory with detailed chapters on electromagnetic fields, radio wave propagation, and sound waves. Published by Integrated Publishing, it offers the full technical training manual with options to download as PDF or order in print, making it a valuable reference for electronics students and hobbyists alike.

Bob Robertson's hobby site is a sprawling reference on solar power, covering everything from basic definitions and how solar panels work to educational guides for kids and van-life solar setups. With dozens of articles on renewable energy topics, it reads like a one-man encyclopedia built by a retiree passionate about the subject.

The EE Compendium is a comprehensive reference hub for electronics engineers, students, and hobbyists covering microcontrollers, embedded systems programming, and hardware development tools. Visitors will find curated links and resources spanning popular platforms like Atmel AVR, Microchip PIC, Intel 8051, and Freescale chips, along with project kits, robotics, software compilers, and career resources.