~ Early Web Links ~

Hosted by UCLA, this scholarly archive documents the original scientific contributions of 83 eminent women physicists who worked before 1976, drawing on primary sources including the papers in which their discoveries were first reported. Visitors can explore an annotated photo gallery, historical essays, a searchable database, and firsthand accounts spanning fields from nuclear physics to space physics.

HyperPhysics is a sprawling educational reference site from Georgia State University covering virtually every topic in physics through an interconnected web of concept maps and concise explanations. Visitors can explore everything from classical mechanics and thermodynamics to quantum physics and relativity, with formulas, diagrams, and worked examples throughout.

Created by Norman Hugh Redington at MIT, The Net Advance of Physics is an encyclopedic collection of review articles and tutorials covering the full breadth of physics, organized alphabetically and continuously updated since 1995. Special features include a 19th century physics retro archive, history of science resources, a science poetry collection, and curated links to recent controversies in the field.

RainbowSpec is an in-depth yet beginner-friendly educational site exploring how rainbows and color work, covering everything from the visible spectrum and refraction to supernumerary rainbows, fogbows, glories, and thin film interference. The site is thoughtfully organized with starred pages marking foundational concepts, and it links to classic atmospheric optics references that inspired its creation.

William J. Beaty, a Seattle electrical engineer, explores the fascinating physics of traffic jams, showing how waves propagate through congested highways much like fluid dynamics. The site features animations, experiments, and practical techniques for how a single driver can actually dissolve traffic slowdowns, making it a genuinely mind-expanding read for any commuter.

HEPData is an open repository for publication-related High-Energy Physics data, hosting experimental datasets from major LHC collaborations including ATLAS, ALICE, CMS, and LHCb. Researchers can search and submit data using advanced query syntax, making it an essential reference tool for particle physics scientists worldwide.

David Tong, a professor at Cambridge University, offers a comprehensive collection of free lecture notes covering nearly every area of theoretical physics, from classical mechanics and electromagnetism to quantum field theory and string theory. The notes are aimed at undergraduates and graduate students and represent a genuinely deep academic resource, with dozens of individual courses each spanning multiple topics.

The Chaos Group at the University of Maryland presents their research into chaotic dynamics, covering topics like fractal basin boundaries, chaotic scattering, strange attractors, and controlling chaos. Affiliated with multiple departments including Physics, Mathematics, and Electrical Engineering, this site offers a window into decades of groundbreaking nonlinear dynamics research dating back to the mid-1970s.

The official site for NASA's Gravity Probe B mission, a Stanford University experiment designed to test two key predictions of Einstein's general theory of relativity using ultra-precise gyroscopes orbiting Earth. Visitors can explore the mission's history dating back to 1959, the groundbreaking engineering advances required to make it possible, technical papers, image galleries, and video overviews of spacetime concepts.

Maintained by Stony Brook University's physics department, this extensive link directory covers physics preprints, online journals, conferences, jobs, data sources, and institutions. Researchers and students will find hundreds of curated links spanning Physical Review, arXiv, SLAC SPIRES, astrophysics journals, and community resources like Fermilab and the Nobel Foundation.